Aksai Chin and Shaksgam Valley Dispute : Strategic Importance, History, and India-China Conflict

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Aksai Chin is a snowy and completely deserted area of India's Union Territory Ladakh. Which generally appears as a deserted area on the map, it is one of the biggest geopolitical disputes between India and China today. On August 5, 2019, when the Government of India divided the state of Jammu and Kashmir into two union territories, this area comes in the Ladakh region. According to the Constitution of India, it is a part of the Union Territory of Ladakh. This part of Ladakh may be deserted in terms of population, but its geographical location and strategic importance makes it the center of international politics. This is one of the border disputes between India and China. Both countries claim it. Know what is the history of this region: - 

History of Aksai Chin

The dispute over Aksai Chin started from the British period, when the boundaries were not clearly determined. When there was British rule in India, at that time China's border did not touch India. After China occupied Tibet, China's border started touching India. Both countries have different claims on this area. India considers it a part of the Union Territory of Ladakh, while China claims it as part of its Xinjiang and Tibet. In 1950, China quietly occupied this area and built a road there. When India came to know about this, it was too late. In the Indo-China war of 1962, China established complete control over this area. And since then this area is under the control of China.

History of Shaksgam Valley

 Apart from this, Pakistan gifted a part of India's Union Territory Ladakh to China in 1963, which is known as Shaksgam Valley. This area is located to the north of Gilgit-Baltistan. This area of Shaksgam valley connects China to Gilgit-Baltistan. This area is legally a part of India. China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is passing through this area, which India has strongly opposed. Pakistan had given this part to China to strengthen all relations with China, since then this part is with China. Originally it is the area of Gilgit-Baltistan occupied by Pakistan. Which is the area of the Union Territory of Ladakh according to the Constitution of India.

Strategic importance of Aksai Chin

Aksai Chin may be a snowy and uninhabited area. But this area is very important for India from a strategic and political point of view. Because this area is near strategically important areas like Ladakh and Siachen, it gives India a strategic advantage. Its occupation can provide the enemy a way to enter India. 

Aksai Chin is as important for India as it is for China. This area is the only and direct corridor connecting China's Xinjiang province and Tibet. Which is a way of life for the movement of its army and civilians. If India occupies this area. Then it can have a deep impact on China in the coming times.

Strategic importance of Shaksgam Valley

 Shaksgam Valley is the area which Pakistan handed over to China in 1963. It is located in the north of Gilgit-Baltistan and is legally a part of India. This area directly connects China to Gilgit-Baltistan, thereby strengthening the geographical and military ties between the two countries. China's China Pakistan Economic Corridor passes through this area. India considers it a violation of its sovereignty. This area gives China and Pakistan the strategic ability to surround India from both sides.

Galwan Valley Conflict

In 2020, there was a conflict between India and China in the Galwan Valley region of Ladakh, in which 20 brave soldiers of India were martyred. China also suffered heavy losses in this, but China did not give the exact number of how many soldiers were martyred. After this, India has further strengthened its military strength.

Conclusion 

Aksai Chin and Shaksgam Valley are not just icy and desolate areas, but are central to South Asia's geopolitical strategy. While India considers both these areas as part of its sovereign territory, the joint activities and occupation of China and Pakistan pose a serious challenge to India's national security and regional influence. The Galwan Valley clash of 2020 further highlighted the sensitivity of these areas. Therefore, understanding the historical context and strategic importance of these areas is extremely important to understand India-China and India-Pakistan border disputes.

Also read: https://www.theglobalworldnews.com/2025/04/pakistan-occupied-kashmir-pok-integral.html

https://www.theglobalworldnews.com/2025/04/abrogation-of-article-370-turning-point.html









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